{"id":2649,"date":"2024-12-02T11:09:41","date_gmt":"2024-12-02T10:09:41","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/rialia.eus\/burdina\/la-gran-huelga-de-1890\/"},"modified":"2025-01-22T12:09:28","modified_gmt":"2025-01-22T11:09:28","slug":"1890eko-greba-handia","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/rialia.eus\/eu\/museoa\/erakusketa-iraunkorra\/burdina\/1890eko-greba-handia\/","title":{"rendered":"1890eko Greba Handia"},"content":{"rendered":"\t<div class=\"row\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"col-md-6\"><a rel=\"single-photo\" href=\"https:\/\/rialia.eus\/wp-content\/uploads\/huelga_1890-1.jpg\"><img width=\"100%\" height=\"auto\" alt=\"\" data-src=\"https:\/\/rialia.eus\/wp-content\/uploads\/huelga_1890-1.jpg\" class=\" lazyload\"><\/a>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"pie-foto\">Plano de la concha y barra de Bilbao situado en el fondeadero de Portugalete. Levantado por el Brigadier de la Real Armada D. Vicente Tofi\u00f1o de San Miguel. A\u00f1o de 1789. RIALIA<\/p>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"col-md-6\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>8 orduko lansaioa, asteko 40 orduko lansaioa, ordaindutako oporrak, igandeko atsedena, langabezia-eskubidea, Gizarte Segurantza, amatasun-baja, erretiro-pentsioa\u2026 lortzeko bidea oso luzea eta oinazetsua izan da.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<p>Ezkerraldean, 1890ean, eguneko lanaldia 12 eta 16 ordu artekoa zen, bizimodua ozta-ozta ateratzeko modua ematen zuen soldataren truke. Emakumeek eta umeek, soldata txikiagoa jasota, gizonez ordez jarduten zuten zeregin jakin batzuetan. Gehien-gehienek \u00abkuartel\u00bb izeneko barrakoietan hartzen zuten ostatu; halakoetan, ohe bat zegoen bi pertsona bakoitzeko, eta meategietako arduradunek gobernatzen zituzten, bai eta langileak erostera behartuta zeuden kantinak ere bai, gehiegizko prezioak ezarrita eta kalitate txarreko jakiak eskainita.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<p>1890eko greba orokorra, \u00abGreba Handia\u00bb izenekoa, langile-mugimendu antolatuaren hasiera izan zen. Greba maiatzaren 13an hasi zen meategietan, Orconerako 5 meatzari kaleratu zituztenean. Lantegietako beharginek bat egin zuten grebarekin eta 15.000 pertsona inguru bildu ziren Bilborantz abiatzeko. Gobernadore zibilak gerra-egoera deklaratu eta armadari deitu zion. Loma jenerala maiatzaren 15ean iritsi zen Bizkaira, Meatzaldea bisitatu zuen eta ugazaberiarekin nahiz grebalarien ordezkariekin batzartu zen. Lomak ugazabak behartu zituen akordio bat sinatzera, bestela, armada meategietatik joateko agindua emango zuela mehatxatuta.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<p>\u2018Loma Ituna\u2019 izenez ezaguna den akordio horri esker, etxebizitza aukeratzeko askatasuna aitortu zen, kantinetan nahitaez erosteko beharra desagertu zen eta lanaldia 11 ordukoa izan zen udan eta 9 ordukoa neguan. Beste aldarrikapen batzuk, aldiz, ez ziren gauzatu, hala nola lanaldia 6 ordura murriztea 14 eta 18 urte bitarteko gazteentzat, etenik gabeko 36 orduko atsedenaldiaz gozatzea, osasunarentzat kaltegarriak ziren fabrikazio-sistema jakin batzuk debekatzea eta abar.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\t<hr>\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t<p><audio class=\"wp-audio-shortcode\" id=\"audio-2649-1\" preload=\"none\" style=\"width: 100%;\" controls=\"controls\"><source type=\"audio\/mpeg\" src=\"https:\/\/rialia.eus\/audio\/36-huelga_1890_eu.mp3?_=1\"><\/source><a href=\"https:\/\/rialia.eus\/audio\/36-huelga_1890_eu.mp3\">https:\/\/rialia.eus\/audio\/36-huelga_1890_eu.mp3<\/a><\/audio> \t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t  <\/p><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Plano de la concha y barra de Bilbao situado en el fondeadero de Portugalete. Levantado por el Brigadier de la Real Armada D. Vicente Tofi\u00f1o de San Miguel. A\u00f1o de 1789. RIALIA 8 orduko lansaioa, asteko 40 orduko lansaioa, ordaindutako oporrak, igandeko atsedena, langabezia-eskubidea, Gizarte Segurantza, amatasun-baja, erretiro-pentsioa\u2026 lortzeko bidea oso luzea eta oinazetsua izan [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":2575,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"templates\/page-interior-expo-permanente.php","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-2649","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>1890eko Greba Handia - Rialia<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/rialia.eus\/museo\/exposicion-permanente\/hierro\/la-gran-huelga-de-1890\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"eu_ES\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"1890eko Greba Handia - Rialia\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Plano de la concha y barra de Bilbao situado en el fondeadero de Portugalete. Levantado por el Brigadier de la Real Armada D. Vicente Tofi\u00f1o de San Miguel. A\u00f1o de 1789. 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