{"id":2698,"date":"2024-12-02T12:03:10","date_gmt":"2024-12-02T11:03:10","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/rialia.eus\/iron\/aleaciones-hierro-carbono\/"},"modified":"2025-01-22T11:45:35","modified_gmt":"2025-01-22T10:45:35","slug":"iron-carbon-alloys","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/rialia.eus\/en\/museum\/permanent-exhibition\/iron\/iron-carbon-alloys\/","title":{"rendered":"Iron-Carbon Alloys"},"content":{"rendered":"\t<div class=\"row\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"col-md-6\"><a rel=\"single-photo\" href=\"https:\/\/rialia.eus\/wp-content\/uploads\/Iron-Carbon_Diagram_IMPRENTA_Rialia.jpg\"><img width=\"100%\" height=\"auto\" alt=\"\" data-src=\"https:\/\/rialia.eus\/wp-content\/uploads\/Iron-Carbon_Diagram_IMPRENTA_Rialia.jpg\" class=\" lazyload\"><\/a>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"pie-foto\">Diagrama Hierro-Carbono. Rialia. Industria Museoa<\/p>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"col-md-6\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>We give you some data about the samples next to the exhibit\u2019s microscope.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<p><strong>Ferrite<\/strong>. It is almost pure iron with silicon and phosphorus impurities. It is the essential component of steel and is the softest, most ductile, malleable and magnetic of steels.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<p><strong>Perlite.<\/strong> Compound formed by alternative sheets of ferrite and cementite. Composed of 88% ferrite and 12% cementite, it contains 0.8% carbon. More challenging and stronger than ferrite but softer and more malleable than cementite. Its name is due to the irisations it acquires when illuminated, similar to pearls.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<p><strong>Ledeburite:<\/strong> It is not a component of steels but of foundries. It is formed by cooling a liquid carbon melt that is stable up to 723\u00b0C, decomposing from this temperature into ferrite and cementite.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<p><strong>Austenite.<\/strong> It is the densest constituent of steel and is formed by a solid solution of iron carbide, which is ductile, tenacious, soft and resistant to wear. It\u2019s not magnetic. It has excellent plasticity and is easy to work with (forging, stamping, etc.).<\/p>\r\n\r\n<p><strong>Cement.<\/strong> It is the hardest component of steels with hardness greater than 60HRC with very crystallized molecules and, therefore very fragile. It is magnetic up to 210\u00baC, in which it loses this property.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<p><strong>Martensite.<\/strong> It is a metastable phase that does not appear in the diagram. It is the most critical component produced by heat treatments designed to produce ideal mechanical properties. When tempered, it is the constituent of steels obtained by quenching steels from their austenitic state at high temperatures. It is magnetic and cementite is the hardest component of steel. It comes in the form of needles. It\u2019s magnetic. Slatted martensite formation has low carbon content, produces higher toughness and higher ductility but lower strength, and, in plate, has high carbon content and produces much higher strength but can be quite brittle and not ductile.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<p><strong>Widmanst\u00e4tten:<\/strong> It\u2019s meteorite iron. What if the word siderurgia (iron and steel industry) comes from sidereal, \u201ccoming from the stars\u201d? Approximately 90% of the composition of the core of our planet is iron which is kept in a liquid state by its very high temperature. Earth\u2019s geomagnetism, which determines the magnetic poles, is generated by those deposits of liquid iron that are inside the Earth.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<p>Let\u2019s talk about meteorites. The fall of meteorites has been interpreted as divine messages by many cultures since prehistoric times, and in some cultures, they are still worshipped as celestial bodies. Stone meteorites have been used to carve hunting weapons and domestic instruments, with a hardness that is almost indestructible.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<p>Siderites, or iron-containing metal meteorites, are derived from the cores of ancient planets that were destroyed about 3.9 billion years ago by catastrophic impact during the formation of our Solar System. They have a pattern of crossed lines called Widmanst\u00e4tten lines. Octahedrites are the most common crystallization of iron meteorites, which are composed primarily of various alloys of iron and nickel, among them kamacite (\u03b1-Fe-Ni), also known as ferrite, it is body-centred cubic iron with &lt;6% by weight nickel, and taenite (\u03b3-Fe-Ni) also called austenite, face-centred cubic iron with &gt;25% by weight nickel.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<p>Iron meteorites are classified into eight subgroups based on metal structure, an intergrowth of two Fe metals with Ni. It was once believed that in order for Fe and Ni to form these beautiful crystalline patterns, the rate of cooling had to be very slow, incredibly slow, let\u2019s say, between 1\u00b0C and 10\u00b0C per million years. Today, there is research in metallography that has achieved these patterns synthetically in the laboratory. So, in the future, separate lines of evidence should be sought to support cooling rate data.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\t<hr>\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t<p><audio class=\"wp-audio-shortcode\" id=\"audio-2698-1\" preload=\"none\" style=\"width: 100%;\" controls=\"controls\"><source type=\"audio\/mpeg\" src=\"https:\/\/rialia.eus\/audio\/33-muestras_del_microscopio_en.mp3?_=1\"><\/source><a href=\"https:\/\/rialia.eus\/audio\/33-muestras_del_microscopio_en.mp3\">https:\/\/rialia.eus\/audio\/33-muestras_del_microscopio_en.mp3<\/a><\/audio> \t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t  <\/p><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Diagrama Hierro-Carbono. Rialia. Industria Museoa We give you some data about the samples next to the exhibit\u2019s microscope. Ferrite. It is almost pure iron with silicon and phosphorus impurities. It is the essential component of steel and is the softest, most ductile, malleable and magnetic of steels. Perlite. Compound formed by alternative sheets of ferrite [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":2587,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"templates\/page-interior-expo-permanente.php","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-2698","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Iron-Carbon Alloys - Rialia<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/rialia.eus\/museo\/exposicion-permanente\/hierro\/aleaciones-hierro-carbono\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Iron-Carbon Alloys - Rialia\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Diagrama Hierro-Carbono. Rialia. Industria Museoa We give you some data about the samples next to the exhibit\u2019s microscope. Ferrite. It is almost pure iron with silicon and phosphorus impurities. It is the essential component of steel and is the softest, most ductile, malleable and magnetic of steels. Perlite. Compound formed by alternative sheets of ferrite [&hellip;]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/rialia.eus\/museo\/exposicion-permanente\/hierro\/aleaciones-hierro-carbono\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Rialia\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2025-01-22T10:45:35+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/rialia.eus\/wp-content\/uploads\/Iron-Carbon_Diagram_IMPRENTA_Rialia.jpg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"3 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/rialia.eus\\\/museo\\\/exposicion-permanente\\\/hierro\\\/aleaciones-hierro-carbono\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/rialia.eus\\\/museo\\\/exposicion-permanente\\\/hierro\\\/aleaciones-hierro-carbono\\\/\",\"name\":\"Iron-Carbon Alloys - Rialia\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/rialia.eus\\\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/rialia.eus\\\/museo\\\/exposicion-permanente\\\/hierro\\\/aleaciones-hierro-carbono\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/rialia.eus\\\/museo\\\/exposicion-permanente\\\/hierro\\\/aleaciones-hierro-carbono\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/rialia.eus\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/Iron-Carbon_Diagram_IMPRENTA_Rialia.jpg\",\"datePublished\":\"2024-12-02T11:03:10+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2025-01-22T10:45:35+00:00\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/rialia.eus\\\/museo\\\/exposicion-permanente\\\/hierro\\\/aleaciones-hierro-carbono\\\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/rialia.eus\\\/museo\\\/exposicion-permanente\\\/hierro\\\/aleaciones-hierro-carbono\\\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/rialia.eus\\\/museo\\\/exposicion-permanente\\\/hierro\\\/aleaciones-hierro-carbono\\\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/rialia.eus\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/Iron-Carbon_Diagram_IMPRENTA_Rialia.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/rialia.eus\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/Iron-Carbon_Diagram_IMPRENTA_Rialia.jpg\"},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/rialia.eus\\\/museo\\\/exposicion-permanente\\\/hierro\\\/aleaciones-hierro-carbono\\\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Portada\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/rialia.eus\\\/en\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Museum\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/rialia.eus\\\/en\\\/museum\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":3,\"name\":\"Permanent exhibition\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/rialia.eus\\\/en\\\/museum\\\/permanent-exhibition\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":4,\"name\":\"IRON\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/rialia.eus\\\/en\\\/museum\\\/permanent-exhibition\\\/iron\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":5,\"name\":\"Iron-Carbon Alloys\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/rialia.eus\\\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/rialia.eus\\\/\",\"name\":\"Rialia\",\"description\":\"Industria Museoa \u2013 Museo de la Industria\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\\\/\\\/rialia.eus\\\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Iron-Carbon Alloys - Rialia","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/rialia.eus\/museo\/exposicion-permanente\/hierro\/aleaciones-hierro-carbono\/","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"Iron-Carbon Alloys - Rialia","og_description":"Diagrama Hierro-Carbono. Rialia. Industria Museoa We give you some data about the samples next to the exhibit\u2019s microscope. Ferrite. It is almost pure iron with silicon and phosphorus impurities. It is the essential component of steel and is the softest, most ductile, malleable and magnetic of steels. Perlite. Compound formed by alternative sheets of ferrite [&hellip;]","og_url":"https:\/\/rialia.eus\/museo\/exposicion-permanente\/hierro\/aleaciones-hierro-carbono\/","og_site_name":"Rialia","article_modified_time":"2025-01-22T10:45:35+00:00","og_image":[{"url":"https:\/\/rialia.eus\/wp-content\/uploads\/Iron-Carbon_Diagram_IMPRENTA_Rialia.jpg","type":"","width":"","height":""}],"twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"Est. reading time":"3 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/rialia.eus\/museo\/exposicion-permanente\/hierro\/aleaciones-hierro-carbono\/","url":"https:\/\/rialia.eus\/museo\/exposicion-permanente\/hierro\/aleaciones-hierro-carbono\/","name":"Iron-Carbon Alloys - Rialia","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/rialia.eus\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/rialia.eus\/museo\/exposicion-permanente\/hierro\/aleaciones-hierro-carbono\/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/rialia.eus\/museo\/exposicion-permanente\/hierro\/aleaciones-hierro-carbono\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/rialia.eus\/wp-content\/uploads\/Iron-Carbon_Diagram_IMPRENTA_Rialia.jpg","datePublished":"2024-12-02T11:03:10+00:00","dateModified":"2025-01-22T10:45:35+00:00","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/rialia.eus\/museo\/exposicion-permanente\/hierro\/aleaciones-hierro-carbono\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/rialia.eus\/museo\/exposicion-permanente\/hierro\/aleaciones-hierro-carbono\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/rialia.eus\/museo\/exposicion-permanente\/hierro\/aleaciones-hierro-carbono\/#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/rialia.eus\/wp-content\/uploads\/Iron-Carbon_Diagram_IMPRENTA_Rialia.jpg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/rialia.eus\/wp-content\/uploads\/Iron-Carbon_Diagram_IMPRENTA_Rialia.jpg"},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/rialia.eus\/museo\/exposicion-permanente\/hierro\/aleaciones-hierro-carbono\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Portada","item":"https:\/\/rialia.eus\/en\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Museum","item":"https:\/\/rialia.eus\/en\/museum\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":3,"name":"Permanent exhibition","item":"https:\/\/rialia.eus\/en\/museum\/permanent-exhibition\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":4,"name":"IRON","item":"https:\/\/rialia.eus\/en\/museum\/permanent-exhibition\/iron\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":5,"name":"Iron-Carbon Alloys"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/rialia.eus\/#website","url":"https:\/\/rialia.eus\/","name":"Rialia","description":"Industria Museoa \u2013 Museo de la Industria","potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/rialia.eus\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-US"}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/rialia.eus\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2698","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/rialia.eus\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/rialia.eus\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rialia.eus\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rialia.eus\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2698"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/rialia.eus\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2698\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2700,"href":"https:\/\/rialia.eus\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2698\/revisions\/2700"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rialia.eus\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2587"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/rialia.eus\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2698"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}